Locating Cable Faults

Results have shown that the most practical approach to locating cable faults consists of a three-step procedure known as the System Approach. By this process various test instruments are employed to first characterize a fault according to its electrical parameters; to next localize the fault to an approximate location by measurements from a terminal; and then to finally locate the fault within that locality by physically tracing for its effect along the cable route. Success is measured in terms of the minimum of time to restore service which in turn is usually a function of the selection and performance of available instrumentation. All of the recognized methods and instruments that can be used in each step of the System Approach are described giving typical features along with the advantages and disadvantages of each method. This information should enable responsible engineers to evaluate the practicality of their own resources for the intended purpose.