Effect of Spectral Irradiance Variations on the Performance of Highly Efficient Environment-Friendly Solar Cells

The increasing environmental concerns on photovoltaic (PV) materials have attracted much attention to environment-friendly materials for solar energy conversion. In this paper, the environment-friendly materials based on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), CuZnSnSSe₂ (CZTS), and CH₃NH₃SnI₃ based on perovskite solar cells have been studied for their spectral dependence at selected different locations with varying parameters such as air mass, aerosol optical depth, and precipitable water. The spectral dependences of the materials have been obtained by the use of the spectral factor, and ground-based long-term climatologies in conjunction with the Simple Model of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer of Sunshine have been used. Results show that the perovskite and DSSC solar cells show an important spectral dependence with annual spectral gains up to 3% and spectral losses up to -15%. On the other hand, CZTS solar cells show a low spectral dependence with annual spectral gains up to 2% and spectral losses up to -4%.