Title :
Miniature Photomultiplier for Scintillation and Space Use
Author_Institution :
EMR - Photoelectric Princeton, New Jersey
fDate :
6/1/1972 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
A rugged miniature photomultiplier has been developed which is only 8 mm in diameter. The electron multiplying element is a single channel multiplier. Photoelectrons from the 5 mm diameter cathode are electrostatically focused into the channel multiplier without need for a funnel or cathode-to-channel bias. This photomultiplier is a two-terminal device and uses no external resistors. The high gain characteristics (~108 at 3,000V), and the single-electron pulse height distribution (FWHM ¿0.6), make the tube ideal for pulse-counting applications. The small diameter of this tube suggests applications in close-packed arrays and mosaics for scintillation imaging. This tube can be used as a scintillation spectum analyzer with good resolution even at high gains where there are greater than 109 anode electrons per scintillation event. The structure can also be employed in a windowless configuration as a particle or x-ray detector. In this modification apertures as large as 5 à 7 mm2 are possible. One use is as the detector in an Auger apparatus, where the high-gain output pulses allow precision digital data handling techniques and long drift-free integration time.
Keywords :
Anodes; Apertures; Cathodes; Electron tubes; Focusing; High-resolution imaging; Optical imaging; Photomultipliers; Resistors; X-ray detectors;
Journal_Title :
Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TNS.1972.4326704