Title :
Face detection using spectral histograms and SVMs
Author :
Waring, Christopher A. ; Liu, Xiuwen
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Comput. Sci., Florida State Univ., Tallahassee, FL, USA
fDate :
6/1/2005 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
We present a face detection method using spectral histograms and support vector machines (SVMs). Each image window is represented by its spectral histogram, which is a feature vector consisting of histograms of filtered images. Using statistical sampling, we show systematically the representation groups face images together; in comparison, commonly used representations often do not exhibit this necessary and desirable property. By using an SVM trained on a set of 4500 face and 8000 nonface images, we obtain a robust classifying function for face and nonface patterns. With an effective illumination-correction algorithm, our system reliably discriminates face and nonface patterns in images under different kinds of conditions. Our method on two commonly used data sets give the best performance among recent face-detection ones. We attribute the high performance to the desirable properties of the spectral histogram representation and good generalization of SVMs. Several further improvements in computation time and in performance are discussed.
Keywords :
face recognition; generalisation (artificial intelligence); image classification; image representation; learning (artificial intelligence); sampling methods; support vector machines; SVM; face detection; feature vector; filtered image; illumination-correction algorithm; image representation; image window; nonface pattern classification; pattern recognition; special histogram representation; statistical sampling; support vector machine; Face detection; Histograms; Humans; Image sampling; Mouth; Pattern classification; Pattern recognition; Robustness; Support vector machine classification; Support vector machines; Face detection; pattern classification; pattern recognition; special histogram representations; support vector machines; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Computer Simulation; Face; Humans; Image Enhancement; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Information Storage and Retrieval; Models, Biological; Models, Statistical; Pattern Recognition, Automated; Photography; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Subtraction Technique;
Journal_Title :
Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TSMCB.2005.846655