A method for evaluating the frequency of deficiency-states of electric-power systems

A novel method for evaluating the frequency of deficiency-states of power systems is suggested. The method uses exact generation-capacity states and system load-duration and load-frequency characteristics. The approach accurately models load daily diagrams, including multimodal diagrams. The generating units are modeled as multistate elements. Analytic expressions for the frequency of deficiency-states are derived in closed form to avoid the accumulation of rounding errors that might appear in recursive approaches. Illustrative application examples are included