Application of a fiber Fourier transform spectrometer to the detection of wavelength-encoded signals from Bragg grating sensors

We describe an all-fiber Fourier transform spectrometer for decoding the wavelength shifts from a series of Bragg grating sensors. The system described uses an optical fiber Michelson interferometer with one arm wrapped on a piezoelectric driven stretcher capable of inducing a ~10 cm fiber length change. Passive polarization compensation is utilized which eliminates the possibility of random polarization fading in the interferometer causing apodization of the interferogram. This permits an all-fiber design without the need for speciality optical fiber or external polarization adjustments. A reference Nd:YAG laser is used to stabilize the interferometric scan in a phase-locked loop configuration by way of slow and fast feedback correction elements. A spectral resolution of <0.07 cm^-1 was obtained, which corresponds to a Bragg wavelength shift of ~0.015 nm in the 1.55 μm region. The simultaneous wavelength determination capacity of the device also permits it to be used in a variety of other applications for analysis of optical spectra