Magnetics of NiFe and Ti composites-effect of annealing

The magnetic properties, retained stress, microstructure, and compositional profiles of Ti/NFe thin-film composites were studied as a function of annealing temperature up to 300°C. Annealing of NiFe at 200°C decreases the number of crystal defects and the internal stress. At 300°C there is significant coarsening of microstructure. Annealing at 300°C increases the retained tensile stress in the composite film by 50%, partly due to the microstructural changes in NiFe. Ni diffuses into Ti, depleting the Ni content of the NiFe layer. The NiFe magnetic properties show minor changes up to the annealing temperature of 200°C, but show significant changes between 200 and 300°C