Real-Time Management of Power Systems With V2G Facility for Smart-Grid Applications

Real-time application in power systems is a key to smart-grid realization. Maintaining accurate security information and monitoring the changing system state are necessary for real-time management of the modern-day power system. Smart-grid applications provide an excellent opportunity to better manage the voltage stability of the power system. Using intelligent electronic devices, it is possible to capture power system data, and give an instantaneous snapshot of the system status. The penetration of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) into the power system may introduce a high-level of volatility due precarious charging/discharging operations, hence emphasizing the need for a real-time management option. In this paper, a real-time monitoring diagnostic of the power system is presented. The system parameters for consideration are voltage profile, voltage stability, step voltage regulators (SVRs) operations, power, and energy loss. Economic studies are also considered. Results show that for a given V2G penetration level, three-phase and system-wide V2G integration results in an improved system performance, and economic operation of the power system than a one-phase V2G integration. Results also indicate that using V2G parking lots to inject reactive power to the grid at an optimal location can promise about 95% power/energy loss reduction (relative to power loss without V2G installed). The results are suitable for further applications of smart grids.