High quality on-chip long annular Josephson junction clock source for digital Superconducting electronics

We have developed clock sources for rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) digital circuits using high-quality long Josephson junction (LJJ) resonant oscillators of annular geometry. Being a topologically closed system and unperturbed by reflections from boundaries and collisions among the fluxons (flux quanta), the annular LJJ oscillator has demonstrated a high quality factor. The novel design of an annular junction clock that allows easier interface with RSFQ circuitry has been realized. Magnetic fluxons are inserted into an annular LJJ by local injection of current into the control line of the junction. This technique resolves the long-standing problem of achieving superior stability of the fluxon state for application as a clock source. The linewidth of the phase-locked clock source is measured as low as 24 Hz relative to a reference oscillator at 40 GHz. The cycle-to-cycle jitter was measured to be 9 fs at a frequency of 36 GHz, or 0.04% of the clock period which is in good agreement with theoretical estimation.