Noise in amplifiers

Author

Yamamoto, Yoshihisa ; Inoue, Kyo

Author_Institution

Edward L. Ginzton Lab., Stanford Univ., CA, USA

Volume

21

Issue

11

fYear

2003

Firstpage

2895

Lastpage

2915

Abstract

The noise of linear amplifiers is discussed in terms of the fundamental law of quantum mechanics and is analyzed using an electrical circuit model. The operational principles of two types of amplifiers-negative conductance amplifier and nonlinear susceptance amplifier-are studied with a special emphasis on those at optical frequencies. The application of such optical amplifiers to optical telecommunication systems is reviewed.

Keywords

Fabry-Perot resonators; laser cavity resonators; laser noise; optical fibre amplifiers; optical parametric amplifiers; optical repeaters; quantum noise; spontaneous emission; stimulated Raman scattering; Fabry-Perot cavity; Heisenberg limit; Raman amplification; coherent multiwave mixing process; electrical circuit model; fundamental quantum limit; fundamental quantum mechanics law; injection-locked oscillators; intrinsic quantum limits; laser amplifiers; linear amplifiers; negative conductance amplifier; noise generators; nonlinear susceptance amplifiers; optical amplifiers; optical repeaters; parametric amplifiers; spontaneous emission; Circuit noise; Nonlinear optics; Optical amplifiers; Optical mixing; Optical noise; Optical sensors; Optical signal processing; Semiconductor device noise; Semiconductor optical amplifiers; Stimulated emission;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Lightwave Technology, Journal of

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

0733-8724

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/JLT.2003.816887

Filename

1251116