Optimum design of substation grounding in a two layer earth structure: Part IߞAnalytical study

The authors have developed a computer program which calculates the potential in earth, the resistance and the required potential probe position in field resistance measurements [1], for any complex electrode in a two layer earth structure. The first part of the study describes the theoretical basis of the programs and compares the two analytical methods of potential calculations, the summation and the integration methods. The second part contains essentially a comparison between the theoretical calculations derived in this paper, experimental results obtained in scaled down model [2], and other theoretical calculations currently used in the industry [3]. The final part will discuss the efficiency of different usual electrode configurations and will introduce new configurations.