Title :
Packaging to reduce thermal gradients along the length of long fiber gratings
Author :
Brennan, James F., III ; Bungarden, Peter M. ; Fisher, Carl E. ; Jennings, Robert M.
Author_Institution :
3M Co., Austin, TX, USA
Abstract :
We have reduced the effect of thermal gradients across a fiber grating-based dispersion compensation module by embedding the grating in a thermal conductor surrounded by a thermal insulator, which keeps the grating length at a nearly uniform temperature. We modeled the package performance with finite-element methods and confirmed the results experimentally. We have found no measurable perturbation in the device dispersion during thermal testing, even as 80°C thermal gradients were imposed across the module.
Keywords :
Bragg gratings; compensation; finite element analysis; optical communication equipment; optical fibre dispersion; optical fibre fabrication; optical fibre filters; temperature distribution; thermal management (packaging); thermal stability; chromatic dispersion; dispersion compensation module; dissipative properties; embedded grating; fabrication technology; fiber Bragg grating; finite-element methods; long fiber gratings; nearly uniform temperature; optical-fiber filters; package performance; thermal conductor; thermal gradients; thermal insulator; thermal stability; thermal testing; Conductors; Dispersion; Fiber gratings; Finite element methods; Insulation; Optical fiber devices; Packaging; Temperature; Testing; Thermal conductivity;
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/LPT.2003.820482