Title :
Determining driver visual attention with one camera
Author :
Smith, Paul ; Shah, Mubarak ; Lobo, Niels Da Vitoria
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Comput. Sci., Central Florida Univ., Orlando, FL, USA
Abstract :
This paper presents a system for analyzing human driver visual attention. The system relies on estimation of global motion and color statistics to robustly track a person´s head and facial features. The system is fully automatic, it can initialize automatically, and reinitialize when necessary. The system classifies rotation in all viewing directions, detects eye/mouth occlusion, detects eye blinking and eye closure, and recovers the three dimensional gaze of the eyes. In addition, the system is able to track both through occlusion due to eye blinking, and eye closure, large mouth movement, and also through occlusion due to rotation. Even when the face is fully occluded due to rotation, the system does not break down. Further the system is able to track through yawning, which is a large local mouth motion. Finally, results are presented, and future work on how this system can be used for more advanced driver visual attention monitoring is discussed.
Keywords :
behavioural sciences; human factors; image colour analysis; image sequences; monitoring; motion estimation; road safety; tracking; video cameras; visual perception; automatic visual surveillance; color statistics; driver activity tracking; driver visual attention; eye blinking; eye closure; eye/mouth occlusion; global motions; in car camera systems; mouth movements; viewing directions; visual attention monitoring; yawning; Cameras; Eyes; Face detection; Facial features; Humans; Motion estimation; Mouth; Robustness; Statistics; Tracking;
Journal_Title :
Intelligent Transportation Systems, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TITS.2003.821342