Burst-mode and ScanSAR interferometry

ScanSAR interferometry is an attractive option for efficient topographic mapping of large areas and for monitoring of large-scale motions. Only ScanSAR interferometry made it possible to map almost the entire landmass of the Earth in the 11-day Shuttle Radar Topography Mission. Also the operational satellites RADARSAT and ENVISAT offer ScanSAR imaging modes and thus allow for repeat-pass ScanSAR interferometry. This paper gives a complete description of ScanSAR and burst-mode interferometric signal properties and compares different processing algorithms. The problems addressed are azimuth scanning pattern synchronization, spectral shift filtering in the presence of high squint, Doppler centroid estimation, different phase-preserving ScanSAR processing algorithms, ScanSAR interferogram formation, coregistration, and beam alignment. Interferograms and digital elevation models from RADARSAT ScanSAR narrow modes are presented. The novel "pack-and-go" algorithm for efficient burst-mode range processing and a new time-variant fast interpolator for interferometric coregistration are introduced.