Programmed instruction and computer-assisted instruction—An overview

An overview of Programmed Instruction (PI) is presented and its philosophy described. A brief delineation of courses in programmed format for the training of computer programmers and computer maintainers is given. The extent of programmed instruction activity for educating engineers in preparation for assignments is discussed. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) is defined, and the bridge between CAI and PI is examined. Attention is given to current research in CAI and to the roles of the learner, teacher, instructional programmer, and computer programmer. A major conclusion reached is that there exists a growing need for the development of instructional programmers and for the production of more adequate computer software. Finally, attention is given to the development of software and hardware for CAI systems. Specifications for a typical CAI language and system are presented, and the authors reflect upon future CAI systems.