Resolution and signal processing technique of surface charge density measurement with electrostatic probe

When an electrostatic probe is used to measure the surface charge on an insulating plate of constant thickness, the measuring system is regarded a shift-invariant system and the relation between the surface charge density and the probe output can be treated in the spatial frequency domain. The distribution of the surface charge density on an insulating plate just after occurrence of a surface discharge is measured by a Pockels probe, which is regarded as a kind of electrostatic probe without the guard electrode, and restored by Wiener inverse filter. The performance of a Pockels probe and a conventional electrostatic probe are compared quantitatively in terms of the spatial resolution. In the case that the measured object is 3 mm thickness PMMA plate and is charged up to 10 nC/cm² in atmospheric air, it is estimated that the spatial resolution of the Pockels probe with 0.2 mm gap is 1.5 mm and that of the conventional electrostatic probe with the grounded guard electrode with 3 mm gap is 2.2 mm.