Real Time Wheeling Losses Computation Techniques for Energy Management Systems

This paper proposes various on-line real time wheeling loss calculation techniques for Energy Managenent Systems (EMS). The techniques are Newton-Raphson´s wheeling loss calculation technique (NRWL), Fast Decoupled wheeling loss calculation technique (FDWL) and wheeling loss estimation technique (EWL). The methods presented can accommodate generator movement from one economically optimum operating point to another due to removal of a wheeling schedule in the wheeling loss computation. Disadvantages of using normal load flow for wheeling loss computation are discussed. The techniques presented are reliable and simple to implement. Most of the existing code in the EMS can be used. The methods to implement the wheeling loss calculation in control centers are presented. The NRWL and EWL algorithms presented are implemented and tested on the IEEE standard systems and on a 559 bus test case.