Advancements in bipolar VLSI circuits and technologies

Due to their inherent speed advantage over FETs, bipolar circuits are widely used for high-performance masterslice and custom logic and for high-speed static memory arrays. For logic, traditional circuits such as transistor-transistor logic and emitter-coupled logic are still mostly used, but new circuit technologies such as integrated injection logic or merged transistor logic and Schottky transistor logic or integrated Schottky logic have been devised to manage the VLSI technology constraints. For high-speed memory applications such as caches, local stores, or registers, conventional memory cells are increasingly being replaced by more advanced memory devices allowing higher bit densities and lower power dissipation. Significant progress can be expected through technology extensions such as dielectric isolation, multilayer metallization, and polysilicon techniques, in addition to shrinking the devices to 1 /spl mu/m dimensions or below.