An Assessment of Data Transmission Alternatives for Deep Geologic Nuclear Waste Repositories

The selection of a system for transmission of data from a subsurface nuclear waste repository involves consideration of potential breaches in repository integrity caused by the presence of the data system, longevity of the system, the requirement for transmission of moderate to high data rates, and the ability to transmit a variety of repository monitoring information. Nine concepts for data transmission techniques were conceptualized and evaluated. The wireless systems evaluated included electromagnetic data transmission and acoustic data transmission. The mechanically linked concepts evaluated included conventional metallic wire and fiber optically coupled systems. Following an evaluation of all of the proposed data transmission concepts, a combination metallic wire/ fiber optically linked system was recommended. The significant advantages of this concept include: ability to provide electrical power to operate sensors and subsurface data transmission electronics; ability to handle high data rates; and ability to provide a long service life.