Unified treatment of core losses and saturation in the orthogonal-axis model of electric machines

The paper treats simultaneously the core losses and the magnetic saturation of the main-flux path in the orthogonal-axis model of electric machines. Core losses are modelled by additional fictitious windings on the stator and on the rotor. Tests are suggested to determine the constants of these windings. A set of equations, expressed as a state equation, is derived for the general case. Synchronous, induction, and DC commutator machines are obtained as special cases by imposing constraints on the general equations. Simulation of the steady state and transients of a highly saturated induction machine is also presented with the implications of saturation and core losses shown and discussed in some detail.