Boundary Integral Equation Analysis of Transmission-Line Singularities

The TEM line analysis of microstrips and coaxial lines generally involves boundary singularities which cause slow convergence of solutions computed by standard numencal techniques. In this study, the singularities occurring at the ends of the inner conductor in an unsymmetric closed microstrip containing a dielectric substrate, are treated by a modified boundary integral equation method. This method is shown to be successful in reducing the error due to the presence of the singularities.