The rich-club phenomenon in the Internet topology

Author

Zhou, Shi ; Mondragón, Raúl J.

Author_Institution

Dept. of Electron. Eng., Univ. of London, UK

Volume

8

Issue

3

fYear

2004

fDate

3/1/2004 12:00:00 AM

Firstpage

180

Lastpage

182

Abstract

We show that the Internet topology at the autonomous system (AS) level has a rich-club phenomenon. The rich nodes, which are a small number of nodes with large numbers of links, are very well connected to each other. The rich-club is a core tier that we measured using the rich-club connectivity and the node-node link distribution. We obtained this core tier without any heuristic assumption between the ASs. The rich-club phenomenon is a simple qualitative way to differentiate between power law topologies and provides a criterion for new network models. To show this, we compared the measured rich-club of the AS graph with networks obtained using the Baraba´si-Albert (BA) scale-free network model, the Fitness BA model and the Inet-3.0 model.

Keywords

Internet; graph theory; modelling; network topology; telecommunication links; Barabasi-Albert scale-free network model; Inet-3.0 model; Internet topology; autonomous system graph; autonomous system level; core tier; fitness BA model; network graph; network model; node-node link distribution; power law topology; rich node; rich-club connectivity; rich-club phenomenon; Character generation; Character recognition; Councils; Helium; IP networks; Internet; Network topology; Power generation; Routing; Tail;

fLanguage

English

Journal_Title

Communications Letters, IEEE

Publisher

ieee

ISSN

1089-7798

Type

jour

DOI

10.1109/LCOMM.2004.823426

Filename

1278314