DocumentCode
940845
Title
Limits to modulation rates of electroabsorption modulators
Author
Forsberg, Erik ; Hessmo, Björn ; Thylén, Lars
Author_Institution
Dept. of Microelectron. & Inf. Technol., R. Inst. of Technol., Kista, Sweden
Volume
40
Issue
4
fYear
2004
fDate
4/1/2004 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage
400
Lastpage
405
Abstract
We analyze the speed limitations of optical electroabsorption modulators. We argue that modulation rate limits are closely related to quantum mechanical adiabaticity. By analyzing the breakdown of the adiabatic approximation, analytical expressions for modulation limits are found. These expressions are numerically validated. Furthermore, we discuss the constraints on the allowable modulation rate set by losses from the quantum well and transition linewidth.
Keywords
electro-optical modulation; electroabsorption; optical losses; quantum well devices; semiconductor device models; semiconductor quantum wells; adiabatic approximation; electroabsorption modulators; losses; modulation rates; quantum mechanical adiabaticity; quantum well; speed limitations; transition linewidth; Electric breakdown; Energy states; Optical losses; Optical modulation; Optical refraction; Optical variables control; Quantum cascade lasers; Quantum mechanics; Schrodinger equation; Voltage;
fLanguage
English
Journal_Title
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
Publisher
ieee
ISSN
0018-9197
Type
jour
DOI
10.1109/JQE.2004.825209
Filename
1278608
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