Title :
Characteristics of Beyond-the-Horizon Radio Transmission
Author :
Bullington, Kenneth
Author_Institution :
Bell Telephone Labs., Inc., New York, N.Y.
Abstract :
This paper summarizes the principal characteristics of tropospheric transmission beyond the horizon and compares them with some of the properties of ionospheric scatter transmission. Quantitative results are given on the dependence of the average signal level on distance and frequency, fading phenomena, bandwidth capabilities and realizable antenna gain. A short historical summary of beyond-horizon tropospheric transmission is also included.
Keywords :
Bandwidth; Earth; Fading; Frequency; RF signals; Reflection; Scattering; Telegraphy; Telephony; Wideband;
Journal_Title :
Proceedings of the IRE
DOI :
10.1109/JRPROC.1955.277932
