Title :
Optical and structural characterization of Z-cut LiNbO3 optical waveguides formed in a mixed proton source
Author :
Passaro, Vittorio M N ; Ciminelli, Caterina ; Armenise, Mario N. ; Savova, Irena ; Jordanov, Bojidar ; Kircheva, Penka ; Savatinova, Ivanka T. ; Pantchev, Blagoj
Author_Institution :
Dipt. di Elettrotecnica ed Elettronica, Politeenico di Bari, Italy
fDate :
3/1/2004 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
In this paper, the optical and structural characteristics of Z-cut LiNbO3 optical waveguides are experimentally investigated. The waveguides have been fabricated by fully immersing the samples in a closed beaker containing a mixture of benzoic and adipic acid at different concentration ratio. The influence of the dilution ratio on crystallographic phases, wavelength dispersion, diffusion coefficient, and index profile has been determined by using infrared absorption spectroscopy and optical characterization. The control of the thickness of guiding layers corresponding to β1 and β2 phases can be realized by varying the dilution ratio of the melt.
Keywords :
diffusion; infrared spectra; ion exchange; light absorption; lithium compounds; optical dispersion; optical fabrication; optical materials; optical planar waveguides; refractive index; LiNbO3; adipic acid; benzoic acid; crystallographic phases; diffusion coefficient; dilution ratio; guiding layers; index profiles; infrared absorption spectroscopy; melt; mixed proton source; optical characterization; structural characterization; waveguide fabrication; wavelength dispersion; z-cut LiNbO3 optical waveguides; Crystallography; Electromagnetic wave absorption; Electrooptical waveguides; Infrared spectra; Integrated optics; Nonlinear optics; Optical harmonic generation; Optical scattering; Optical waveguides; Protons;
Journal_Title :
Lightwave Technology, Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JLT.2004.824520
