• DocumentCode
    952222
  • Title

    The Bonding Characteristics of Gold in Ultrahigh Vacuum

  • Author

    Cuthrell, Robert E. ; Tipping, Donald W.

  • Author_Institution
    Sandia Lab.,Albuquerque,N. Mex
  • Volume
    10
  • Issue
    1
  • fYear
    1974
  • fDate
    3/1/1974 12:00:00 AM
  • Firstpage
    4
  • Lastpage
    10
  • Abstract
    The results are reported of a study of the factors which affect the solid-phase bonding of gold wire electrical leads. Gold surfaces were cleaned by sputtering and joined with precise control of mechanical and environmental variables. Contact resistance measurements as a function of load, coefficients of adhesion, and laser interference fringe photo-microtopographs were used as diagnostics to show the effects of cleaning, annealing, loading, and creep. Ultrahigh vacuum techniques and vibration isolation were essential to reproducibly forming and measuring the strengths of solid-phase bonds between gold samples and between gold and tungsten.
  • Keywords
    Contact materials; Metal-insulator-semiconductor structures; Thermocompression bonding; Ultrasonic bonding; Vacuum effects; Bonding; Contact resistance; Electric variables control; Electrical resistance measurement; Gold; Mechanical variables control; Sputtering; Surface resistance; Vibration measurement; Wire;
  • fLanguage
    English
  • Journal_Title
    Parts, Hybrids, and Packaging, IEEE Transactions on
  • Publisher
    ieee
  • ISSN
    0361-1000
  • Type

    jour

  • DOI
    10.1109/TPHP.1974.1134828
  • Filename
    1134828