Nonlinear analysis of the magnetic flux distribution in the magnetized magnet stabilized in air

A theoretical model for the relationship among magnetic quantities describing the one- versus two-dimensional field in a permanent magnet is developed. The model is applied to two problems: 1) determination of the direction of the residual magnetism and 2) finding the magnetic flux distribution in a magnet stabilized in air. The vector potential equation in a form unified for both problems is derived and transformed into a partial-difference algorithm. The numerical line-iteration procedure is described and used to solve these problems for a six-pole permanent magnet rotor of an electrical alternator.