Title :
Analysis and Design Strategy of UHF Micro-Power CMOS Rectifiers for Micro-Sensor and RFID Applications
Author :
Yi, Jun ; Ki, Wing-Hung ; Tsui, Chi-ying
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Eng, Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol.
Abstract :
Design strategy and efficiency optimization of ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) micro-power rectifiers using diode-connected MOS transistors with very low threshold voltage is presented. The analysis takes into account the conduction angle, leakage current, and body effect in deriving the output voltage. Appropriate approximations allow analytical expressions for the output voltage, power consumption, and efficiency to be derived. A design procedure to maximize efficiency is presented. A superposition method is proposed to optimize the performance of multiple-output rectifiers. Constant-power scaling and area-efficient design are discussed. Using a 0.18-mum CMOS process with zero-threshold transistors, 900-MHz rectifiers with different conversion ratios were designed, and extensive HSPICE simulations show good agreement with the analysis. A 24-stage triple-output rectifier was designed and fabricated, and measurement results verified the validity of the analysis
Keywords :
CMOS analogue integrated circuits; UHF integrated circuits; integrated circuit design; radiofrequency identification; rectifiers; 0.18 micron; 900 MHz; MOS transistors; Micro-Sensor; RFID Applications; UHF Micro-Power CMOS Rectifiers; microsensor; multiple-output rectifiers; superposition method; zero threshold transistors; CMOS process; Design optimization; Diodes; Energy consumption; Leakage current; MOSFETs; Optimization methods; Radiofrequency identification; Rectifiers; Threshold voltage; Conduction angle; efficiency; leakage current; micro-sensor; optimization; radio frequency identification (RFID); rectifier;
Journal_Title :
Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TCSI.2006.887974
