Techniques, Equipment and Procedures for Production Welding of Electronics

During the past five years we have seen a substantial upsurge in welding as a technique for fabrication of electronics. The term "welding" has been applied to a variety of techniques, each with its special applications and special equipment. This paper describes the many different types of welding and production equipment available, and discusses the special procedures required. These points are paramount: First, no one technique is universally applicable to system assembly and cordwood module fabrication, as well as to deposited film and integrated circuit manufacture. Secondly, though we do not have universal equipment, we do have universal problems. To be really successful with any technique, we must establish rigid control of materials, exhaustive engineering analysis of the weld schedule or setup, and strict maintenance of standards for machine and operator qualification and certi- fication.