Extending gate-level diagnosis tools to CMOS intra-gate faults

A comprehensive solution to the intra-gate diagnosis problem, including intra-gate bridging and stuck-open faults is provided. The work is based on a local transformation technique that allows transistor-level faults to be diagnosed by the commonly available gate-level fault diagnosis tools without having to deal with the complexity of a transistor-level description of the whole circuit. Three transformations are described: one for stuck-open faults, one for intra-gate resistive-open faults and one for intra-gate bridging faults. Experimental work has been conducted at NXP Semiconductors using the NXP diagnosis tool - FALOC. A number of real diagnosis results from the wafer testing data including both stuck-open faults and intra-gate bridging faults have confirmed the effectiveness of this new method.