Microstructural characterization of Nb
3Sn diffusion layers grown by Sn-vapor reaction with single crystal Nb substrates has been carried out using Auger and X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray and reflection electron diffractometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The layers exhibit preferred crystallographic orientation traceable to the underlying Nb-substrate orientation. The

-Nb-substrate layers differ substantially from all other-Nb-direction layers. In particular, they exhibit surface-like composition profiles over several hundred angstroms into the bulk, a very rough micro-structure including numerous microcracks, and a surface superconducting transition temperature of < 1 K. Non-

-Nb-substrate layers with 1 μm columnar grain structure and surface T
c\´s ∼ 18 K appear to have breaking stresses far in excess of bulk polycrystalline Nb
3Sn.