Protective system issues during restoration

This paper is one of a series presented on behalf of the IEEE System Operation Subcommittee with the intent of focusing industry attention on power system restoration issues. Performance of protective systems may be measured by the relative percentages of correct and appropriate relay operations, correct but inappropriate operations, wrong tripping, and failure to trip. The primary reason for “correct but inappropriate” operations is attributed to the power system changes. During restoration, the power system undergoes continual charges and therefore it is subject to “correct but inappropriate” relay operations