Applications of Doppler Measurements to Problems in Relativity, Space Probe Tracking, and Geodesy

This paper begins with a discussion of the precision with which the Doppler shift in the signal received from a space vehicle can be measured, using existing atomic frequency standards on the ground, and a proposed transponder system on the vehicle. Applications of Doppler methods to measuring the gravitational redshift, to tracking space probes and measuring certain astronomical constants, and to geodesy, making use of the precision of atomic standards, are then presented. The conclusion drawn is that Doppler methods can imnprove upon existing accuracy in these areas.