Man-machine interaction in critical care settings

The state of the art in critical care settings is examined, and it is pointed out that a comprehensive view of the overall man-machine system can be realized through the application of system ergonomic methodologies. By restricting and focusing on the tasks of the system, adequate task-oriented solutions can be found which yield transparent interactivity and efficient information flow. Other important features of system ergonomic methodology are structuring of the analysis and design process, early participation of intended users, rapid generation of prototypical solutions, and iteration of the process after prototype evaluation. However, application of system ergonomic methodology is costly, due to the need for interdisciplinary work groups and supporting tools. Some examples of typical tools supporting various steps in the system ergonomic methodology are presented. Particular attention is given to a computerized anesthesia information system and an intensive care unit.<>