Electroacoustic Measuring Equipment and Techniques

Since 1876 electroacoustic measuring equipment and techniques for its use have advanced from a primitive state to an advanced engineering science. This paper discusses sound-level measurements and primary techniques for the calibration of microphones. It covers systems and techniques for the measurement of the steady-state and transient response of amplifiers, microphones and loudspeakers. Means for shock-wave calibration of microphones and for measurement of nonlinear distortion and complex waveforms are also described.