The inclusion of hysteresis processes in a special class of electromagnetic finite element calculations

A finite element method for certain electromagnetic problems is presented which allows one to include arbitrary magnetic hysteresis processes in a straightforward manner. The method employs a Galerkin formulation, which retains separate B and H fields. To illustrate the technique, the problem of an infinitely long rectangular bar carrying sinusoidal flux is treated. Measurements were carried out on a nickel-iron sample for comparison with the computer calculation. Using the measured dimensions, resistivity and magnetic characteristics of the nickel-iron, the time dependent problem was solved. From the solution, the losses were determined (both eddy current and hysteresis losses) and compared with the experimental losses. Reasonable agreement was achieved for a variety of peak average inductions at 60 Hz.