سنجش ميزان موفقيت پارك‌هاي بانوان از ديدگاه شهروندان نمونه موردي: كلانشهر تبريز

An Evaluation of success of the Women Only parks from citizens points of view Case study: Tabriz Metropolis

چند سالي هست كه پروژه پارك هاي بانوان در برخي مادرشهرهاي ايران جهت رفاه حال بانوان ايراني به اجرا درآمده است. با توجه به اينكه نيمي از شهروندان را بانوان تشكيل مي‌دهند، در دهه‌هاي اخير در كشورهاي توسعه يافته و نيز در حال توسعه از جمله ايران، توجه به نيازهاي ويژه بانوان از سوي برنامه‌ريزان شهري مطرح شده است. پاركها و فضاهاي سبز مختص بانوان‌، به عنوان يكي از مهمترين مراكز خدمات رفاهي و تفريحي بوده است كه علاوه بر جنبه بهداشتي و رواني، در توسعه پايدار شهري و بهبود كيفيت زندگي بانوان از اهميت بالايي برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضر بر آنست تا ميزان موفقيت اين فضاهاي مختص بانوان را از ديدگاه آنان، مورد سنجش قرار دهد. روش تحقيق كاربردي- تحليلي و پيمايشي است كه با تكميل 140 پرسشنامه در 3 پارك بانوان شهر تبريز انجام پذيرفته است. براي تحليل داده ها از نرم افزارهاي Spss و Excel استفاده شده است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان‌دهنده موفقيت بالاي پارك بانوان بوده است. نتايج به دست آمده نشان دهنده موفقيت نسبي پارك‌هاي بانوان در مقابل وجود ضعف‌هايي است كه در اين پژوهش در راستاي از ميان برداشتن اين ضعفها پيشنهاداتي ارائه شده است. همچنين روابط بين خصوصيات شهروندان با ميزان رضايت آنان از پاركهاي بانوان مرد تجزيه و تحليل قرار گرفته، يافته‌ها بيانگر وجود رابطه معنادار بين سن افراد، وضعيت تأهل و شغل آنان با ميزان رضايتمندي از پارك بانوان است.

Extended abstract 1-Introduction Establishment of appropriate spatial and structural places for using all classes of the societies the public services and facilities is necessary for development of the societies. In this relation, women parks are valuable for using opportunities for cultural, artistic, social and sport activates. Women problems were considered during continues failure of theories based on economic growth and advent of new approaches in process of development by emphasize on human growth and social justice (Khani, 2008, p, 65). advent of feministic viewpoints in humanity sciences especially geography is a new trend and it has been expanded by consideration of social justice by geography scholars .This viewpoint tries to empower women and consider their needs and increase women quality of life. Green space is one of the effective factors on quality of life (Khani, 2008). 2-Theoretical bases Most of the women is housewife in Iran (%69.2) and their main responsibility is to raise the children and observe the olds, so they encounter with more responsibility and pressure (Ahmadi Khorasani,2001,136). most of the women are depended on social welfare plans, thus reduction and elimination of these plans increase their burden (Ronayian,2003,1-2).since parks and urban green spaces are place for peace of the citizens and the individuals refer to theses places in order to get ride of daily problems, so security and welfare are the main factors in attract of the citizens in parks. In this relation women parks are important because of providing opportunities for sport, rest and physical and mental health for women. Also, prevention of social deprivation by availability of possibilities for all women and elimination of social difficulties, making calm places in the city in order to promote women mental health are other functions of women parks. Theses parks are equipped with recreational, welfare and educational possibilities in addition to preservation of green space and park usage and it indicates that Iranian urban women can restore their physical and mental power after social and family tiredness and they can improve their social and family functions as mother and wife in family and as employee in work plac. 3-Discussion The findings show that most of the visitors are youth (%84). Also most of the women go to three park by their fiends and individuals by the same age. Most of the women go to parks inured to promote their physical and mental and their family quality in all seasons. The motivation of going to the special parks and participation in differ activates indicate the need to special places in order to empower physical and mental power. These information aid decision makers in offering strategies conformed to women needs. and the responses show that( %51) of women go to women only parks because those parks are special for women. The result shows need of women to the special parks in the cites and it can be referred to the succeed of women parks. Pleasure and joyfulness is motivation of the most of the respondents. They feel happy when they are in the park. The effects of women parks have been investigated by considering six questions in this research. In this research the respondents were asked to show their agreement or disagreement in some view points that they are shown in following graph. Graph (1): The effect of women only parks In this research there is a relationship between age of women and feeling to use women parks and their satisfaction. The young people tend to be in the special parks and they feel satisfaction and being in the park promotes their occupational and family performance and become calm in the parks. The successfulness factors and Unsuccessfulness factors from women point of view are shown in following 1 table: Table (1): successfulness and unsuccessful factors Reply(percent) Unsuccessfulness factors Reply (percent) Success factors List 5 The man guards in the park 30 Training classes 1 34 corrupted Sports equipment 11 using sport facilities 2 9 Lack of recreation facilities for children 15 Suitable environment for recreation 3 20 lack of sufficient welfare facilities 9 liberty and security 4 21 Lack of adequate indoors for the cold season 35 All options 5 11 Poor sanitation 6 According to variables measurement the independent variables are in qualitative level and dependent variable (women satisfaction) is in interval level, so Liker test and F parametric statistics tests (analysis of variance) were used. The data were analyzed according to tests of mean difference of the relationship among age, marital statue, income, and occupation, place of residency (Tabriz ten areas) and satisfaction level of women parks. There is a significant difference between martial statues and satisfaction level (p=0.00) in study of the relationship between marriage and satisfaction level. It means that the satisfaction level is different between single and married women. 60 percent of users of theses parks are married women. From this among 85 percent pointed to success of women parks. According to T test measured for women occupational statues in both house wife and occupied states and based on Leven test by assumption of equal variances and significant =0.012 there is a significant difference in occupation and being housewife and satisfaction level.54percents of the users was housewife that 80 percent satisfied. According to the investigations of 140 respondents eighty percent was in age group of 15-45 years. There is a significant difference based on the analyses on age and satisfaction level. The young people tend to go to the parks and they are satisfied beige in the parks. The relationship between studies and satisfaction level and according to significant =0.05 there is no significant relationship between these two variables. Also there is no significant relationship between income and satisfaction level based on significant =0.389. 3- Conclusion and Suggestions According to the investigation most of the women are satisfied being in the parks and they know parks as place for promotion of mental and physical performance .need to repairmen of the sport facilities and lack of sufficient facilities causes to unsatisfaction. It is hoped that by elimination of these barriers the optimal place is provided for spending of free time and holding educational cultural artistic and sport courses and etc by related organizations and construction of special parks in all areas of the city in order to meet needs and promote mental and physical health and as a result provide welfare and peace of family beside feeling of liberty and security.