ارزيابي تطابق اقليم و معماري بازارهاي قديم و جديد بافت تاريخي شهر اصفهان با استفاده از مدل ماهاني

Assessing conformity climate and architecture old and new bazaars Historic modern of the Isfahan city by using Mahoney method

معماري سنتي شهرهاي تاريخي ايران، حاوي تجارب ارزشمند در زمينه‌ي اقليم و معماري است. يكي از شگردهاي به كار رفته در اين زمينه، طراحي اقليمي بازارهاي بومي بافت تاريخي شهر اصفهان است كه با ملاحظات معمارانه‌ي خاص، به ميراثي ارزشمند در تمدن ايراني اسلامي تبديل شده است. در اين پژوهش جهت بررسي قابليت بازارها از نظر تأمين آسايش زيست اقليمي، از آمار و اطلاعات ايستگاه سينوپتيك شهر اصفهان در يك دوره‌ي 30 ساله(1980- 2010) استفاده گرديد. سپس با بكارگيري روش‌هاي تجربي شاخص بيوكليماتيك ساختماني ماهاني و استفاده از عناصر ميانگين ماهيانه دما و نوسانات ماهيانه آن، همچنين مشخصات رطوبتي و باد غالب، مرزهاي آسايش حرارتي مشخص و طبق آن اصول استاندارد طراحي در ماه‌هاي مختلف سال تعريف گرديد. برداشت‌هاي ميداني در سه گروه (جهت قرارگيري، شكل و فرم بنا)، (طراحي متناسب با جريان هوا و تابش خورشيد) و (مصالح كاربردي) گردآوري شد. سپس اطلاعات مربوط از بازارهاي قديم (قيصريه و حسن‌آباد) و بازارهاي جديد (جلفا و حاج محمد علي) به عنوان نمونه برداشت شد. نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد كه طراحي اقليمي متناسب با استانداردهاي شاخص ماهاني در بازارهاي قديم شهر اصفهان 93 درصد و در بازارهاي جديد و بازسازي شده 58 درصد است. بنابراين معماري سنتي بازارهاي بومي، راه‌حل‌ها و شيوه‌هاي منطقي جهت فراهم نمودن شرايط آسايش حرارتي به كار برده كه در بازارهاي ساخته شده در سال‌هاي اخير از آن استفاده نشده است.

Extended abstract 1-Introduction Providing Favorable environment Building Away from Unfavorable Climatic conditions is the basic principles of climate Design. Climate and Architecture is a new science that for Exploitation of natural or the aim saving Energy and Create conditions for human welfare use the correct method climatic element for design. Vernacular architecture bazaars Isfahan city is influenced by different environmental factors and visible to in cases such as Type of Plan, Physical characteristics designed to fit the flow of air and sunlight and Applied Materials. So in this study by Using the analysis conformity climate and architecture old and new bazaars Historic fabric of the Isfahan city by using Mahoney method, Reconnoiters Climatic design techniques that is Appropriate with Unfavorable Climatic conditions. 2-Methodology Thy way in this Research is analytic–Statistical that inclusive Meteorological parameters in Period of 30 years. The climate data used is the mean maximum and minimum temperature, Mean monthly and annual temperature fluctuations, the mean maximum and minimum relative humidity and Total annual precipitation. With way Spatial sampling point, four bazaars was selected (Gheysariye, Hasanabad, Golfa, Hajmohamadali). Field Data from Climate Design Compared with Mahoney of climate Design Standards. 3-Discussion In Mahoney method after recording the geographical Specifications that Including Latitude and longitude and Elevation of Sea level in the study site. Status Temperatures Are registered Mean monthly temperature (maximum - minimum) and volatility of monthly and the moisture conditions and Precipitation. In the following Comfort boundary that Composite the average annual temperature values and Group of dampening. Based on The upper limit and the lower limit are characterized the night and day of each month. The mean maximum temperature with About Comfort in day the average minimum temperature About Comfort in day is compared. 4-Conclusion Comfort state set with Wet conditions H1, H2, H3 and Dry conditions. Climatic data synoptic Station Isfahan city by Mahoney shows June, July, August allocate index A2. It shows that Heat causes Unfavorable conditions. Months November, December, January, February and March allocate index A3. It shows that the climate is cool in the environment. Way to deal with this situation is using Energy for heating indoor spaces. Also Two months August and September allocate index A1 that represents a condition Fluctuating temperature is over 10 degrees given these factors, it is necessary the buildings are designed Average heat capacity of materials. 5-Suggestions With Observing Index tables building bioclimatic the results obtained in all the months of the year there is less Human comfort conditions and 3 or 4 months of the year is in comfort conditions. The situation is other months Day and night temperatures in each of the cases more coldly outside and in some of the warmer months. Therefore, in such circumstances without air flow and cooling due to evaporation of particles for people who may not feel comfortable. According to the results easily adjust the amount of feed in Gheysarie and Hasanabad is 93%. The results of statistical analysis show the comfort of conformity with the standard proposed building bioclimatic indices in Hasanabad and Golfa is 58%. So To achieve the goals of comfort the pattern of design is necessary Ecological criteria the design of such buildings Over the past been considers.