ﭘﯿﺶآﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺑﯿﺎن ﻧﻮروﺗﺮوﻓﯿﻦﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ، اﺧﺘﻼل ﺣﺎﻓﻈﮥ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﻐﺰي در ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ را ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ

Exercise Preconditioning Reduces Spatial Memory Disorder Induced by Cerebral Ischemia Via Increasing the Expression of Neurotrophins In Rat Hippocampus

ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﭘﯿﺶ آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﯾﮏ دوره ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺣﺎﻓﻈﮥ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ و ﺑﯿﺎن »ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﺷﺪ ﻋﺼﺒﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ از ﻣﻐﺰ« و »ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﺷﺪ ﻋﺼﺒﯽ« در ﻧﺎﺣﯿﮥ ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ، در ﭘﯽ اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ـ رﯾﭙﺮﻓﯿﻮژن ﻣﻐﺰي در ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺪﯾﻦﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﺗﻌﺪاد 21 ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﻧﮋاد وﯾﺴﺘﺎر ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه )ﺷﻢ، اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ و ورزش + اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. رتﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه ورزش ﺑﻪﻣﺪت ﭼﻬﺎر ﻫﻔﺘﻪ و ﺑﻪﺷﮑﻞ ﭘﻨﺞ روز در ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺗﺮدﻣﯿﻞ دوﯾﺪﻧﺪ. اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻧﺴﺪاد ﻫﺮ دو ﺷﺮﯾﺎن ﮐﺎروﺗﯿﺪ ﻣﺸﺘﺮك ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪﻣﺪت 20 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺣﺎﻓﻈﮥ ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ رتﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از از ﻣﺎز آﺑﯽ ﻣﻮرﯾﺲ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮔﺸﺖ و ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﯿﺎن ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از رﻧﮓآﻣﯿﺰي اﯾﻤﻮﻧﻮﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﺷﯿﻤﯽ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺶآﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ ﻃﯽﺷﺪه و ﻣﺪتزﻣﺎن ﺳﭙﺮيﺷﺪه ﺑﺮاي رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺳﮑﻮي ﻫﺪف در آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺎز آﺑﯽ ﻣﻮرﯾﺲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﭘﯿﺶ از اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ، ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻗﺎﺑﻞﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﯿﺎن ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦﻫﺎي »ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﺷﺪ ﻋﺼﺒﯽ ﻣﺸﺘﻖ از ﻣﻐﺰ« و »ﻋﺎﻣﻞ رﺷﺪ ﻋﺼﺒﯽ« در ﻧﺎﺣﯿﮥ ﻫﯿﭙﻮﮐﺎﻣﭗ ﭘﺸﺘﯽ را در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ داده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭘﯿﺶآﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺑﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ، اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻢ اﻓﺰاﯾﺸﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻧﻮروﺗﺮوﻓﯿﮏ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ درﺑﺮاﺑﺮ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ـ رﯾﭙﺮﻓﯿﻮژن، اﺛﺮات ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺘﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و اﺧﺘﻼل ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از اﯾﺴﮑﻤﯽ ﻣﻐﺰي در ﺣﺎﻓﻈﮥ ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﻣﺪت را ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺑﺨﺸﺪ

The aim of this study was the study of effect of exercise preconditioning on spatial memory disorders and expression of BDNF and NGF proteins in the CA1 area of hippocampus following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in male rats. 21 male Wistar rats were randomly selected and allocated into three groups (sham, ischemia and exercise + ischemia). The rats in exercise group were trained to run on the treadmill 5 days in a week for 4 weeks. Ischemia induced by occlusion both common carotid arteries for 20 minutes. Spatial memory performances of rats were evaluated by the Morris water maze. The level of proteins expression was determined by immunohistochemically staining. Exercise preconditioning significantly decreased the time and distance traversed to reach the platform in Morris water maze. Also, pre-ischemic exercise significantly increased the expression of BDNF and NGF proteins in the CA1 area of hippocampus compared to the ischemia group. Exercise preconditioning, probably via up-regulation of neurotrophic factors, could have neuroprotective effects against brain ischemia-reperfusion-induced injuries and improve short-term memory impairments induced by cerebral ischemia.