نقد عملكرد سياست اقتصاد مقاومتي در ايران: بررسي پديده شكست هماهنگي

Investigating the Performance of Resistance Economy Policy in Iran: A Study of the Coordination Failure

اﻫﺪاف ﻣﻬﻤﻲ از اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﻲ، از ﺟﻨﺲ ﻓﺮاﺑﺨﺸﻲ و ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم ﻫﻤﻜﺎري ﺑـﺎزﻳﮕﺮان ﻣﺘﻌـﺪد ﻋﺮﺻﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺘﮕﺬاري و ﻧﻈﺎم اﺟﺮاﻳﻲ (ﺑﺮوﻛﺮاﺳﻲ) اﺳﺖ. ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﻲ در اﻳﺮان، ﭘﺪﻳﺪه ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛـﻪ ذﻳﻞ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺷﻜﺴﺖ دوﻟﺖ در اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺟﺎي ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد. اﻳـﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟـﻪ ﺿـﻤﻦ ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﺗﺌﻮرﻳﻚ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺪﻳﺪه در ادﺑﻴﺎت ﻣﺘﻌﺎرف، ﺑﻪ دو دﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ در ﺗﺤﻘﻖ اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﻲ و ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ آن در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻣﺪت اﻗﺘﺼﺎد اﻳﺮان اﺷﺎره ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ: ﻋﺪم اﻋﻤﺎل ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ، ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻣﻲ در ارﺗﻘﺎء ﺑﻬﺮه وري، ﺷﻜﺴﺖ در ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ ﻓﺴﺎد اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﻋﺪم ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ واردات و ﺗﺠﺎرت ﻓﺮاﻣﺮزي، ﺿﻌﻒ در ﺣﻞ و ﻓﺼﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎت اﻋﺘﺒﺎري ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺠﺎز و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻓﻘﺪان ﺣﻜﻤﺮاﻧﻲ آب، ﺣﻮزه ﻫﺎﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺪاﻧﻬﺎ اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﭘﻴﺸـﻨﻬﺎدﻫﺎي ﺳﻴﺎﺳـﺘﻲ ﺑـﺮاي ﻛﺎﺳـﺘﻦ از درﺟـﻪ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ.

Part of the goals of a resilient economy is interdisciplinary, that is, it requires the cooperation of various actors in the field of policy and bureaucracy. The evidence presented in this paper shows that one of the obstacles to realizing a resistance economy in Iran is the coordination failure which follows the issue of government failure in the public sector economics. This paper, while reviewing the theoretical framework of this phenomenon in conventional literature, points to two categories of coordination failure in Iran and its effects on long-term performance indicators. Failure to implement industrial development policy, failure to improve productivity, failure to combat economic corruption, failure to manage foreign trade and imports, weakness in solving the problem of unauthorized credit institutions and lack of water governance are examples mentioned in this article. At the end, policy suggestions have been introduced to reduce the degree of coordination failures.