ارزيابي و پهنه ‌بندي كيفيت آب درياچه‌ زريوار با استفاده از شاخص ‌هاي كيفي CWQI, OWQI, NSFWQI

Water Quality Assessment/Zonation of Zarivar Lake Using NSFWQI, OWQI and CWQI Indexes

ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﮐﺮدن آب ﺗﻤﯿﺰ و ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي اﻫﺪاف ﺷﺮب و ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات زﻧﺪه اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﯾﮑﯽ از روش ﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﻫﺎي آﺑﯽ و داﺷﺘﻦ ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آب و ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي از آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ آن ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب درﯾﺎﭼﻪ ﺗﺎﻻﺑﯽ زرﯾﻮار (زرﯾﺒﺎر) از ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﻣﻠﯽ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ (NSFWQI) ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي 9 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اورﮔﺎن (OWQI) ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از 8 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﮐﺎﻧﺎدا (CWQI) ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد 22 ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ اﺻﻠﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي NSFWQI و OWQI ﺑﺮاي ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﮐﻞ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ، اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻫﺎي ﻫﻔﺖﮔﺎﻧﻪ و ﺑﺮاي دور ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﻪ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ CWQI ﺑﺮاي ﮐﻞ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ در ﻃﻮل ﻫﺸﺖ ﻣﺎه ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺮده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻘﺸﻪ ﭘﻬﻨﻪ ﺑﻨﺪي درﯾﺎﭼﻪ زرﯾﻮار از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي NSFWQI و OWQI ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ آب درﯾﺎﭼﻪ زرﯾﻮار ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ NSFWQI در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ OWQI، در ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﺪ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ آب درﯾﺎﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ CWQI، ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮرﮐﻠﯽ ﺑﺪ، ﺑﺮاي آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪن ﺧﻮب، ﺑﺮاي آﺑﺰﯾﺎن ﺑﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻔﺮﯾﺢ، آﺑﯿﺎري و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ي اﺣﺸﺎم، ﻋﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

A clean and adequate water supply is essential for drinking and agriculture purposes as well as for living organisms within ecosystems. Therefore, applying of water quality indexes, is useful methods for quality assessment and for water resources management. In this study, three different indexes: National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI) with using 9 quality parameters; Oregon Water Quality Index (OWQI) with using 8 parameters; and Canadian water Quality Index (CWQI) with using 22 parameters were applied for water quality assessment of lakes Zarivar (Zeribar) west of Iran. The NSFWQI and OWQI indexes were computed for the whole lake, 7 stations, and for 8 months sampling period. Whereas, the CWQI index was calculated for 8 months sampling period. The Zarivar Lake zonation Maps of NSFWQI and OWQI indexes showing medium and very bad water quality for Zarivar Lake, respectively. However, in respect to CWQI index, Zarivar lake water quality is in general and for aquatic life. In addition, the lake water is bad for drinking, but excellent for bad recreation, irrigation and livestock purposes.