ارزيابي و تعيين كيفي آب هاي زيرزميني (مطالعه موردي: علي آبادكتول)

Evaluation and Determination of Underground Water Quality (Case study: Ali Bad katoul)

آب ﻫﺎي زﯾﺮزﻣﯿﻨﯽ از ﻣﻬﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ آﺑﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ آب ﺷﺮب ﺷﻬﺮﻫﺎ، روﺳﺘﺎﻫﺎ و آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺸﺎورزي در اﯾﺮان ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. آب ﺗﻬﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﻼً ﺧﺎﻟﺺ و ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺤﻠﻮل و ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آن ﮐﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ- ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ آن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪاردﻫﺎي ﻣﻠﯽ و ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ- ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ از دوازده ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﭼﺎه ﻋﻤﯿﻖ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ از 6 ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﭼﺎه ﻋﻤﯿﻖ در ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰ و ﺑﻬﺎر ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ و ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﻣﻠﯽ و ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد، ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻧﯿﺘﺮات ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ در ﮔﺮوه آب ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ آﻟﻮدﮔﯽ ﮐﻢ ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮد. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﻤﻮدار ﭘﺎﯾﭙﺮ، ﻧﻮع آب ﻏﺎﻟﺐ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺑﯽ ﮐﺮﺑﻨﺎت ﮐﻠﺴﯿﻢ (Ca-HCO3) ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻤﻮدار وﯾﻠﮑﻮﮐﺲ، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﺬب ﺳﺪﯾﻢ و درﺻﺪ ﺳﺪﯾﻢ آب ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎي ﯾﮏ ﭼﺎه در ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﭼﺎه ﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﮑﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي آﺑﯿﺎري وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد.

Groundwater is the most important water sources for cities, villages and agricultural irrigation. The purpose of this study, is the determination of physical-chemical parameters and heavy metal level in ground water samples which collected from Aliabad Katoul area and compared with national and international standards. For physical-chemical factors and heavy metals concentration, samples were selected from dozen and six deep wells respectively, at two seasons’ autumn and spring. The results show that there is no significant difference between the parameters of physical- chemical and heavy metals concentration in comparison with national and international standards. Also, the nitrate level was with low pollution in regional waters. According to piper diagram, the dominant water type was considered bicarbonate calcium (Ca-HCo3). Based on Wilcox diagram, sodium adsorption ratio and %Na indicated that there is no problem for irrigation in wells except one.