پديد آورندگان :
نيازمرادي، مارال دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي گرگان , كاظمي، حسين دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي گرگان , قادري فر، فرشيد دانشگاه علوم كشاورزي و منابع طبيعي گرگان
كليدواژه :
تريتيكاله , تاريخ كاشت , شاخص برداشت , شاخص سبزينگي , عملكرد زيست توده
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction and objectives: The nutritional value of each plant production is dependent to light and temperature in growing season, which is affected by planting date. Planting at the suitable time was provided the best environmental conditions at all growth stages and it causes to increase in crop yield. By understanding environmental factors, ecological requirements of crop and environment and cultivar interaction effects, planting date can be determine for each cultivar. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate planting date of triticale in the Gorgan township and investigation of planting dates effects on yield, yield components and growth characteristics of triticale.
Materials and methods: In this research, the effects of six planting dates (including 29 October, 12 November, 28 November, 12 December, 28 December and 11 January) were evaluated on grain yield, yield components and growth characteristics of triticale at the experimental field of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, during 2013-2014. The experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Measured traits were grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, SPAD index, number of days to full heading, Spike length, number of fertile tillers, total number of plants, 1000-grain weight, plant length, stem weights, number of grain per spike, percentage of filled and unfilled grain.
Results: The results showed that highest grain yield, filled grain percent and SPAD index were obtained in 29 October, 12 November and 28 November dates. Planting times was not significant effect on the yield components (exception of 1000 grain weight, harvest index and biological yield). The other results of this research showed that yield components of triticale were reduced with delay in planting date from 29 October to 11 January. Delay cropping reduced the total number of tillers, number of fertile tillers, plant length, spike length, number of grain per spike, 1000 grain weight, percentage of filled grain and biological yield equal to 35.86, 34.31, 21.86, 20, 21.75, 15.75, 16, 31.15 and 21.40 percent, respectively. Lower plant length and biological yield on 28 November planting date, lead to the highest harvest index (41.15%).
Conclusion: In general, It could be concluded that triticale planting in 29 October to 28 November dates in Gorgan, lead to the highest production of grain yield (7.84 -7.96 t ha-1) and biological yield (19.06 - 19.80 t ha-1).