اثر دور آبياري با كاربرد محلول مويان بر برخي صفات مورفولوژيك و عملكردي ارقام نخود (.Cicer arietinum L)

Effects of irrigation period and surfactant application on some yield and morphological characteristics of chickpea genotypes (Cicer arietinum L

اين آزمايش به منظور بررسي برخي صفات مورفولوژيك و عملكردي چهار رقم نخود در سال زراعي 92-1391 در مزرعه تحقيقاتي دانشگاه شاهد به صورت فاكتوريل در قالب طرح بلوك كامل تصادفي در سه تكرار انجام شد. فاكتورهاي آزمايشي شامل سه سطح آبياري پس از ميلي متر تبخير از تشتك تبخير كلاس 4 دو سطح محلول مويان (كاربرد و بدون كاربرد) و چهار رقم نخود آرمان، آزاد، بيونيج و گريت بودند. نتايج نشان داد كه بيشترين طول دوره رويشي، تعداد انشعاب در بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته،تعداد غلاف بارور و وزن صد دانه در آبياري پس از 100 ميلي متر تبخير از تشتك تبخير و كاربرد مويان حاصل شد. رقم هاي آزاد و آرمان بيشترين و رقم بيونيج كمترين ارتفاع بوته را داشتند. بالاترين عملكرد دانه 1541/9 كيلوگرم در هكتار نيز در آبياري پس از 100 ميلي متر تبخير از تشتك تبخير با كاربرد مويان براي رقم آزاد حاصل شد. با توجه به نتايج آزمايش مي توان بيان داشت كه آبياري پس از 100 ميليمتر تبخير از تشتك تبخير و كاربرد مويان مي تواند سبب افزايش چشمگير عملكرد دانه رقم گريت در شرايط مشابه آزمايشي شود

Introduction Drought stress is the most important factor of yield reduction of crops such as chickpea and a change in the amount of some internal components in plant. However, research has shown that chickpea has well respond to irrigation. Surfactants, as agronomical factors, are used in the water system to adjust the amount of irrigation. So, the aim of present experiment was evaluated the effect of irrigation concomitant with surfactants solution on yield and morphological characteristics of four chickpea genotypes, at Shahed University research farm in 2012-13. Materials and methods an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with factorial treatment structure with three replications, Treatments included of three irrigation levels (100, 200, 300 mm) evaporation of class A pan, two levels of surfactant solution (with and without application) and four chickpea genotypes Arman, Azad, Bionij and the Greet. Seeds genotypes tested were prepared from Kermanshah Sararood Dryland Research Center. The seeds after disinfection with fungicides Benomyl (2 per thousand), was done at a depth of approximately five centimeter. Surfactantsolution used for the testing of non- Ionic surfactant brand was Irrigaid Gold that it amount was fixed for all treatments and after the establishment of the plantlets, as water-soluble, were used. Results and discussion The results showed that the highest growth period, the number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of fertile pods and seed obtained weight at 100 mm evaporation of class A with the use of surfactant. Azad and Arman had the highest and Bionij genotype had the lowest plant height and the highest grain yield (kg ha 9/1541) with irrigation at 100 mm evaporation achieved by the use of surfactant on Greet genotype. The highest average of dry matter (1189 kg per hectare) was obtained by irrigation at 100 mm evaporation with the use of surfactant for Azad genotypes.