پديد آورندگان :
ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺋﯽ، ﺳﯿﺮوان داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن - ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت , ﻋﻠﯿﺰاده، ﺣﺴﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه تهران - ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت , ﺑﺎﻏﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻋﻠﯽ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ كشاورزي - ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﯿﺎهﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر , ﻧﻘﻮي، ﻣﺤﻤﺪرﺿﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه تهران - ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت , ﻣﺤﻤﺪي، ﺳﻬﯿﻼ دانشگاه ايلام
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻮدره در اﯾﺮان، ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ ﻃﯽ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1392-93 در ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 40 ﺗﻮده ﺟﻤﻊآوريﺷﺪه از ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از 11 ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ SSR ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﮐﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎﻧﺪﻫﺎي ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﮑﻞ از 2 ﺗﺎ 14 ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ آﻏﺎزﮔﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 7 ﺑﺎﻧﺪ و 5/6 ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻤﻪ آﻏﺎزﮔﺮﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. از ﮐﻞ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪه، در ﺣﺪود 48 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻨﻮع ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪه ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻮع ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎ و 52 درﺻﺪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰ ﺑﺎﻻي ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ. 40 ﺗﻮده ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺟﻮدره در 5 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه اﻟﻒ( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس، ﮔﺮوه ب( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﯾﺰد، ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿﺎري، ﻟﺮﺳﺘﺎن، اﯾﻼم و ﯾﮏ ﺗﻮده ﻫﻤﺪان، ﮔﺮوه ج( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ، اﻟﺒﺮز، ﺧﻤﯿﻦ، ﻗﻢ و ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن، ﮔﺮوه د( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن، آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﻏﺮﺑﯽ، اردﺑﯿﻞ و ﻗﺰوﯾﻦ و ﮔﺮوه ﻫـ( ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺪان، ﮐﺮدﺳﺘﺎن و ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻗﺮارﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ در ﯾﮏ ﮔﺮوه، ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﻧﻔﻮذ اﯾﻦ ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ ﻫﻤﺪﯾﮕﺮ، از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ آﻻت ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﯾﺎ ﺑﺬور ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن زراﻋﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل زﯾﺎد ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺑﺬر ﺟﻮدره از اﺳﺘﺎن ﻓﺎرس، ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ دوردﺳﺖ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﺮج و وراﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺮدود اﺳﺖ. آﮔﺎﻫﯽ از ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺮز، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺮز ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺻﺎ در ﻣﺰارع ﮔﻨﺪم ﺷﻮد.
چكيده لاتين :
In order to investigate genetic variation of Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch populations in Iran, an experiment was conducted at the research section of the Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran from 2013 to 2014. In this study, 40 ecotypes of H. spontaneum collected from all parts of Iran were investigated by means of 11 SSR markers. Results revealed that the number of polymorphic bands for each primer varied from 2 to 14, on average, 7 and 5.6 polymorphic bands for all primers. Total variances observed were related to diversity among and within the populations which were 48% and 52% respectively. This means a high differentiation among the populations. The biotypes of wild barely (40) were divided into 5 groups including: A: Fars populations, B: populations of Yazd, Chaharmahal va bakhtiari, Lorestan, Ilam and Hamedan populations, C: Qazvin, Alborz, Khomein, Qom and Khorasan populations, D: Kurdistan, West Azarbaijan, Lorestan, Ardebil and Qazvin populations. E: Hamedan, Kurdistan and Kermanshah populations. The placement of closed area populations in one group may be due to penetrations into each other, through farm machinery or cultivated crop seeds. The hypothesis of seed transport from Fars province to far areas such as Karaj and Varamin is rejected. Knowledge of the genetic diversity of this weed, can lead to development of management plans in order to effectively control this weed especially in wheat fields
