كليدواژه :
تاب آوري , بيماران قلبي , حافظه , ويژگي‌هاي شخصيتي
چكيده فارسي :
هدف: فرايند پديدآيي بيماري‌هاي قلبي-عروقي نمونه بارز تأثير متقابل جسم و روان است. دراين گونه بيماري‌ها تكوين و تشديد اختلال جسماني از مسائل هيجاني و مشكلات رواني اجتماعي سرچشمه مي‌گيرد. از اين رو ضروري است تا تحقيقاتي در اين زمينه صورت گيرد. بنابراين هدف از انجام اين پژوهش بررسي تأثير ويژگي شخصيتي تاب آوري وعملكرد حافظه در بيماران قلبي است.
روش بررسي: روش اين تحقيق پس رويدادي (علي ـ مقايسه‌اي) است. جامعه آماري پژوهش حاضر را كليه بيماران قلبي-عروقي بيمارستان‌هاي فاطمه الزهرا و نيمه شعبان، افراد سالم را كاركنان دانشگاه فرهنگيان و اديب شهرستان ساري تشكيل مي‌دهند. نمونه آماري اين تحقيق 232 نفر است كه تعداد 87 نفر افراد سالم، 77 نفر از بيماران قلبي عروقي (سكته‌اي) بستري و 68 نفر بيماران قلبي غير سكته‌اي بودند. در اين تحقيق از روش نمونه گيري در دسترس استفاده گرديده و داده‌هاي اين تحقيق از طريق پرسشنامه به دست آمد.
يافته‌ها: در تاب آوري بين سه گروه آزمودني (سالم، بيماران قلبي و بيماران سكته‌اي) تفاوت معناداري (0٫001>p) وجود دارد. در مولفه‌هاي عملكرد حافظه بين سه گروه آزمودني تفاوت معناداري (0٫001>p) وجود دارد. و همچنين در مولفه‌هاي عملكرد حافظه بين گروه‌هاي تاب‌آوري تفاوت معناداري (0٫001>p) وجود دارد.
نتيجه‌گيري: براساس نتايج اين تحقيق خصيصه تاب آوري يك ويژگي متمايز كننده دربيماران قلبي و افراد عادي است. بيماران قلبي به جهت نمره پايين‌تر تاب آوري استرس و فشاررواني بيشتري را درزندگي تجربه مي‌كنند. اين امر كاركرد حافظه را در آن‌ها كاهش مي‌دهد.
چكيده لاتين :
Objective: Today, cardiovascular diseases serve as the most important cause of death in the world. The disease, more than any other forms of disease, has caused mortality. Cardiovascular diseases formation process is an obvious example of the interaction of body and mind. The pattern of the disease has a bio-psycho-social model in which human beings are viewed as multidimensional creatures whose biological, social and psychological features act in an interactive system, which can have impact on each other. In such diseases the development of physical disorder stems from emotional issues and psychosocial problems. Among the structural factors affecting health and illness over the past decade, the resiliency and memory functioning, being relatively intertwined, have attracted the attention of many researchers. Hence doing research in this area seems necessary. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of personality resiliency and memory function in patients with heart problems.
Methods: This study was retrospective (causal comparative). The population of the present study included all the cardiovascular patients' of Al-Zahra and Nimeshaban hospitals and healthy people included Farhangian and Adib Universities staff of Sari. A sample of 232 people which were 87 healthy subjects, 77 patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction and 68patients with myocardial diseases (stroke). The sampling methods and data used in this study were obtained through questionnaires. The subjects’ availability sampling method was used. Selection criteria for Patients were conducted by angiography test, diagnostic interviews and medical history as well as experts’ viewpoints. To assess the resilience in this study, the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RIS) was used. The scale items were then analyzed using factorial analysis. Before extracting factors based on the matrix, the correlation between the items and the KMO index was 0.87 and Bartlett's test was significant. (P<0.001), with both indicators showing enough evidence for factorial analysis. To determine the reliability of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was used. Also, to assess subjects’ short-term memory, a computer tool was used which was prepared by the physiological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of Armenia. To analyze the data, the Spss19 was used and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test was used to determine the normal distribution of data. Also, the ANOVA was used to compare the resiliency and memory performance of subjects in groups and the Tukey’s test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to test the research questions.
Results: There is a significant difference (p<0.001) in the Resiliency between the subject groups (healthy people, cardiac patients and those with MI). There is a significant difference (p<0.001) in memory performance components between the subject groups. Also, there is a significant difference in (p<0.001) memory performance components between Resiliency groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that resiliency feature is a distinctive feature of people with heart disease and normal subjects. Patients with heart diseases, due to lower score in resiliency, experience more stress and mental pressure in life. This reduces memory function in them. As a result, the focus will be directed toward adverse and stressful situations ultimately leading to a reduced accuracy.
