پديد آورندگان :
اﻟﻬﯽﻓﺮد، اﻟﻬﺎم داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ و ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ، , آﺑﺪاﻧﺎن ﻣﻬﺪي زاده، ﺳﺎﻣﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ خوزستان - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ زراﻋﯽ و ﻋﻤﺮان روﺳﺘﺎﯾﯽ - ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻣﺎﺷﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰاﺳﯿﻮن , اﻣﯿﻨﯽراد، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﯿﺎه ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر , ﺳﺎﺟﺪي، ﺳﭙﯿﺪه ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزي - ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮔﯿﺎه ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﮐﺸﻮر
كليدواژه :
ﭘﺮدازش ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ , ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ , ﮐﺮوﯾﺖ , ﻧﺴﺒﺖ اﺑﻌﺎد
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺘﺮﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﻣﺰارع ﮔﻨﺪم اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن، ﺷﺎﻧﺰده ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از راﯾﺠﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﭘﻬﻦﺑﺮگ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ واﯾﻪ، آﻧﺎﮔﺎﻟﯿﺲ، ﭼﻐﻨﺪر وﺣﺸﯽ، ﮔﻠﺮﻧﮓ وﺣﺸﯽ، ﺳﻠﻤﻪ ﺑﺮگ ﮔﺰﻧﻪاي، ﭘﯿﭽﮏ ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ، ﮐﺎﻫﻮ وﺣﺸﯽ، ﭘﻨﯿﺮك، ﺳﺎق ﺗﺮﺷﮏ، دم ﻋﻘﺮﺑﯽ، ﮐﻨﮕﺮ ﺑﺮگ اﺑﻠﻖ، ﺧﺮدل وﺣﺸﯽ، ﺷﯿﺮ ﺗﯿﻐﯽ، ﮔﻨﺪﻣﮏ، ﺳﯿﺰاب و ﻣﺎﺷﮏ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، از ﭘﻨﺞ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ )ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ ﺗﮑﺮار( ﻋﮑﺲﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪ و ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﭘﺮدازش ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ، ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﺑﻮﺗﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﮑﺲﺑﺮداري ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ از ﭘﺲ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﺑﺮﭼﺴﺐﮔﺬاري آنﻫﺎ، ﻫﻔﺖ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ ﺳﻄﺢ، ﻣﺤﯿﻂ، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ اﺑﻌﺎد )ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻃﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻗﻄﺮ(، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻠﯽ، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺷﻌﺎع ﻧﺎﺣﯿﻪ ﻣﺤﺪب ﻫﺎل، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺷﻌﺎع ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﻣﺤﺪب ﻫﺎل، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﮐﺮوﯾﺖ، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﮑﻞ و ﮔﺮﯾﺰ از ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺑﻮدن از ﻫﺮ ﮐﺪام از ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز و ﮔﻨﺪم اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ اﺑﻌﺎد و ﮐﺮوﯾﺖ، ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰ ﻋﻠﻒﻫﺎيﻫﺮز ﭘﻬﻦﺑﺮگ از ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ ﮔﻨﺪم از ﻧﻈﺮ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ اﺑﻌﺎد )19/79(، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داد؛ ﭘﺲ از آن، دو ﮔﻮﻧﻪ دم ﻋﻘﺮﺑﯽ و ﮔﻠﺮﻧﮓ وﺣﺸﯽ، ﺑﺎ دارا ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮي ﻣﻌﺎدل 9/71 و 5/90 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﺴﺒﺖ اﺑﻌﺎد را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادﻧﺪ. ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ كرويت(0/5) ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻨﺪم ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﯿﺪه ﺑﻮدن ﺑﺮگﻫﺎي ﮔﻨﺪم و اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺮگ آن ﺑﺎ ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﻬﻦ ﺑﺮگ، اﯾﻦ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و تفكيك ﮔﻨﺪم از ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﭘﻬﻦ ﺑﺮگ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدي ﺑﺎﺷد
چكيده لاتين :
In order to select the most appropriate morphological characteristics of weeds in wheat fields in Khuzestan province, 16 species of the most common broadleaf weeds were selected. Collected species included: Ammi majus L., Anagallis spp., Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima (L.), Carthamus tinctorius L., Chenopodium murale L., Convolvulus arvensis L, Lactuca serriola L., Malva spp., Rumex dentatus L., Scorpiurus muricatus L., Silybum marianum L., Sinapis arvensis L., Sonchus tenerrimus L., Stelaria media L., Veronica persica Poir., and Vicia villosa Roth. For any species, five samples (as five replications) were photographed and images were analysed using image processing. Wheat, also, was photographed as control. After isolating images from background and tagging them, seven morphological characteristics including area, perimeter, aspect ratio (length to diameter ratio), rectangularity, area ratio of convex hull, perimeter ratio of convex hull, sphericity, form factor and eccentricity of each weed species and wheat were extracted. Results showed that the best morphological characteristics to distinguish broadleaf weeds from wheat were aspect ratio and sphericity. So that, compared to the weed species, aspect ratio was greatest (19.79) in wheat. After that, caterpillar-plant (9.71) and safflower (5.90) were greatest. The sphericity of wheat was the lowest (0.05). Considering the narrow shape of wheat leaves and the significant difference in leaf shape with broad-leaved species, this characteristic can be very useful for identifying and distinguishing wheat from broadleaf species at the field.
