تبيين تأثير تاريخ‌نگاري مزارت در گسترش فرهنگ زيارت (مطالعة موردي مزارات ايالت فارس)

Explaining the Impact of Mazarat Historiography on the Development of Pilgrimage Culture (Case Study of the Fars State)

مزارنويسي به عنوان شاخه‌اي از تاريخ‌نگاري محلي از قرن هشتم هجري مورد توجه مورّخان قرار گرفت و تا قرن دوازدهم هجري چندين اثر در اين حوزه به زبان‌هاي عربي و فارسي نگارش يافت. در واقع مزارنويسي در زمره فرهنگ نامه‌هاي محلي به‌شمار مي‌‌آيد كه آشكارا از مسائل سياسي و نظامي دوري گزيده و بيشتر به اوضاع مذهبي و فرهنگي و اجتماعي مي‌پردازد. اين فرهنگ نامه‌هاي محلي به معرفي افراد و شخصيت‌هاي علمي و مذهبي اختصاص داشت، زيرا از ديدگاه مسلمانان ايراني قبور علما و اولياء، عاملي براي حفاظت شهر از آفات و بلاياي طبيعي و انساني به شمار مي‌آمد. علاوه بر آن قبور علماي بزرگ در هر شهري، شأن و منزلت ويژه‌اي براي آن شهر به ارمغان آورده و در رشد فرهنگي ـ اجتماعي آن شهر نيز مؤثر بوده است. پژوهش حاضر برآن است، با روش توصيفي – تحليلي با تكيه بر منابع دست اوّل، تأثير مزارنويسي بر رشد فرهنگ زيارت را مورد بررسي و تحليل قرار دهد.

Mazarat historiography was considered by historians as a branch of local historiography from the eighth century (AH) and until the twelfth century (AH), several works were written in Arabic and Persian .In fact, Mazarat historiography is a local encyclopedia, which obviously diverts from political and military issues, and deals more with religious, cultural, and social conditions. These local encyclopedias were intended to introduce scholarly and religious figures, because from the viewpoint of Iranian Muslims, the great scholars and divine peoples’ graves were considered as an important factor in protecting the city from natural and human pests and disasters. In addition, the graves of the great scholars in each city have brought a special status to that city and has also contributed to the cultural and social growth of that city. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of Mazarnevisi (writing on graves), based on the first- hand resources on growth of the pilgrimage culture by using a descriptive-analytical method.