پديد آورندگان :
ﻟﻮك زاده، زﯾﺒﺎ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺻﺪوﻗﯽ ﯾﺰد، ﯾﺰد - ﮔﺮوه ﻃﺐ ﮐﺎر و ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﯾﻬﺎي ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺻﻨﻌﺖ , ﺣﻠﻮاﻧﯽ، ﻏﻼﻣﺤﺴﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺻﺪوﻗﯽ ﯾﺰد، ﯾﺰد - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ - ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ اي , ﺣﻠﻮاﻧﯽ، اﻟﻬﺎم داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺻﺪوﻗﯽ ﯾﺰد، ﯾﺰد - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ , ﮐﺎرﮔﺮ، ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺻﺪوﻗﯽ ﯾﺰد، ﯾﺰد - ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺣﺮﻓﻪ اي , اﻣﺮاﻟﻠﻬﯽ، ﻣﺤﻤﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺷﻬﯿﺪ ﺻﺪوﻗﯽ ﯾﺰد، ﯾﺰد - داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ
كليدواژه :
اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ , ﮐﺸﺎورزان , ﻣﺮﻏﺪارن , اﺳﭙﯿﺮوﻣﺘﺮي
چكيده فارسي :
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: در ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮدوﻏﺒﺎرﻫﺎي آﻟﯽ، ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي ﻫﺎ، آﻧﺪوﺗﻮﮐﺴﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ، ﮐﻨﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﻗﺎرچ ﻫﺎ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﮔﺎزﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ آﻣﻮﻧﯿﺎك، ﺳﻮﻟﻔﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺪروژن و اﮐﺴﯿﺪﻫﺎي ﻧﯿﺘﺮوژن ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد آﺳﻢ آﻟﺮژﯾﮏ، ﻏﯿﺮآﻟﺮژﯾﮏ، رﯾﻨﯿﺖ و ﺳﻨﺪرم ﮔﺮدو ﻏﺒﺎر ﺳﻤﯽ آﻟﯽ ﺷﻮد. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي اﺳﭙﯿﺮوﻣﺘﺮي و ﺷﯿﻮع ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﮔﺮوه ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﺮﻏﺪار و داﻣﺪار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ و از ﻧﻮع ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﯾﺰد اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺠﻤﻮع 300 ﮐﺸﺎورز ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اي ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﻓﺮدي (ﺳﻦ، ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ ﮐﺎر، ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﯿﮕﺎر) ﻧﻮع ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺴﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﯾﻪ از ﻫﻤﻪ ﮐﺸﺎورزان در وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺑﻌﻤﻞ آﻣﺪ. ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي 75-FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF25 اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ داده ﻫﺎ از آزﻣﻮن t-test و آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮنﻟﺠﺴﺘﯿﮏ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ.
ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻇﺮﻓﯿﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﮔﺮوه ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﺮﻏﺪار از ﮐﺸﺎورزان داﻣﺪار ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺷﯿﻮع ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﻠﻂ، ﺗﻨﮕﯽ ﻧﻔﺲ، ﺧﺲ ﺧﺲ، ﺳﺮﻓﻪ و رﯾﻨﯿﺖ آﻟﺮژﯾﮏ در ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﺮﻏﺪار ﺑﻄﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺷﯿﻮع آن در دﯾﮕﺮ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎ ﺑﻮد. در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﻣﺮﻏﺪاران رﯾﻨﯿﺖ آﻟﺮژﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﯿﻮع را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده ﺑﻮد.ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎي رﯾﻨﯿﺖ آﻟﺮژﯾﮏ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻦ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺷﯿﻮع ﻋﻼﺋﻢ در ﺳﯿﮕﺎري ﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻏﯿﺮﺳﯿﮕﺎري ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد اﻣﺎ اﯾﻦ اﺧﺘﻼف از ﻧﻈﺮ آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﻧﺒﻮد.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮع ﺑﺎﻻي ﻋﻼﺋﻢ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﯽ در ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺰاﺳﯿﻮن روﺷﻬﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ارﺗﻘﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ آﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ ﮐﺸﺎورزان ﺑﺎ اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺿﺮوري ﺑﻨﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction: Farmers that are exposed to the organic dust, bacteria, endotoxins, mites, and fungi, as
well as the hazardous gases such as ammonia, sulfides, hydrogen and nitrogen oxides, may be affected
by allergic asthma, non-allergic rhinitis, and organic dust toxic syndrome. This study aimed to
determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and spirometry parameters in two groups of poultry
and livestock breeders in Yazd City.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was performed in Yazd on 300 farmers. The
questionnaire included demographic information, including age, work experience, cigarette smoking,
the type of agricultural activity and respiratory symptoms among farmers. Spirometry was performed
in a sitting position after the animals were fed. Moreover, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF25-75 were
measured. T-test and logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis.
Results: The results showed that respiratory capacity in the poultry workers was less than livestock
breeders. Prevalence of Cough, sputum, shortness of breath, wheezing and rhinitis in poultry workers
was significantly higher than those in livestock breeders. The most prevalent disorder in poultry
workers was allergic rhinitis. With the exception of allergic rhinitis, respiratory symptoms increased
with ageThe prevalence of respiratory symptoms was higher among smokers than non-smokers, but
this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of respiratory symptoms among farmers, agricultural
mechanization and promotion of framers' knowledge about hea;th by implementing appropriate
training programs is necessary
