بررسي كيفيت زندگي و دردهاي اسكلتي-عضلاني مراقبان كودكان فلج مغزي در مدارس جسمي-حركتي

Quality of Life and Musculoskeletal Pain of Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy at Physical Disability Schools

مقدمه و اهداف كودكان فلج مغزي، به دليل محدوديت در انجام كارهاي روزمره، در مدرسه نياز به مراقب دارند. مراقبان مدارس جسمي-حركتي، كارهاي مراقبتي كودك را در زمان مدرسه انجام مي ­دهند. فراهم كردن اين سطح از مراقبت، همراه با استرس ­هاي فيزيكي، روحي و رواني است كه مي ­تواند بر سلامت و در نتيجه كيفيت زندگي مراقبان تاثيرگذار باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسي دردهاي اسكلتي-عضلاني و كيفيت زندگي مراقبان كودكان فلج مغزي در مدارس جسمي-حركتي بود. مواد و روش‌ها در مطالعه توصيفي-مقطعي حاضر، مراقبان كودكان فلج مغزي شاغل در مدارس جسمي-حركتي شهرهاي تهران، اصفهان و كرج در صورت تمايل و بر اساس ملاك ­هاي ورود به مطالعه وارد شدند. اين افراد شامل 92 شركت­ كننده بودند. ابزارهاي مورد استفاده، نسخه فارسي­شده پرسش­نامه كيفيت زندگي SF-36 و پرسش­نامه درد اسكلتي-عضلاني نورديك و مقياس آنالوگ بصري بود. تحليل آماري داده­ها با استفاده از آزمون­ هاي تحليل عاملي اكتشافي و ضريب همبستگي پيرسون انجام شد. يافته‌ها ميانگين كيفيت زندگي مراقبان در حيطه سلامت فيزيكي و رواني به ترتيب 58/81 و 59/01 بود. بيشترين شيوع درد و محدوديت عملكرد ناشي از آن در كمر و زانو بود و بيشترين شدت درد در شانه، گردن، پشت و كمر ديده شد. درد اسكلتي-عضلاني و كيفيت زندگي همبستگي معناداري داشتند (r=0/523, P=0/001). همچنين مدت اشتغال، بيمه، ساعات كاري، درآمد و تعدد وظايف شغلي با دردهاي بدني رابطه معناداري داشت (0/05

Background and Aims: Children with Cerebral palsy need for caring at school because of their inability to perform daily occupations. The caregivers at physical disability schools provide care support for these children at school time. The caring is accompanied by physical and psychological tension and may affect the caregivers’ health and therefore quality of life. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the musculoskeletal pain and quality of life of caregivers of children with Cerebral Palsy at physical disability schools. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in Tehran, Isfahan, and Karaj who were willing to participate in the study and met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Finally, 92 participants took part in the study. The evaluations were done using the Persian version of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and Visual Analog Scale. The statistical analyses of data were done using exploratory factor analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient tests. Results: The results indicated that the mean score for the study sample on physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were 58.81 and 59.01, respectively. The greatest amount of pain and functional limitations were found in the lower back and knees, and the highest intensity of pain were found in the shoulders, neck, as well as upper and lower back. There were also a significant correlation between musculoskeletal pain and quality of life (r=0/523, P=0.001). Furthermore, there were significant correlations between work experience, insurance, working hours, income as well as Multiple job and physical pain (P<0/05). Conclusion: Permanent caring for many children with cerebral palsy and doing the heavy and repetitive caring tasks not only reduce the quality of life but also cause physical pain in the caregivers of children with cerebral palsy at physical disability schools. It is suggested that more support and pre-employment trainings about the principles of caring be provided to prevent physical pain in caregivers.